Impact of Innovation on the Relationship between Customer Relationship Management and Brand Equity in the Medical Tourism of Jordan
Abstract
This study intends to investigate the direct and indirect relationship between customer relationship management and overall brand equity through technical innovation and non-technical innovation in medical tourism in Jordan. Data were gathered through field study among 384 medical tourists who have been treated in the five private hospitals in Amman, and the data were assessed using SPSS and AMOS. The outcomes indicate that, customer relationship management directly affects technical innovation, non-technical innovation, and overall brand equity. In addition, the only innovation type that directly affects overall brand equity is technical innovation. Furthermore, technical innovation and non-technical innovation have a full mediating role between customer relationship management and overall brand equity. This empirical study throws more light into the indirect effect of customer relationship management on overall brand equity, especially the role of technical innovation and non-technical innovation. The results offer a good opportunity for decision makers to take certain actions for innovating and enhancing overall brand equity.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aaker, D. A. (1991). Managing brand equity. New York: Free Press.
Abbasi, H., Hajirasouliha, M., & Faraji, A. (2014). Investigating the effects of different levels of CRM
investment on development of brand equity. Management Science Letters, 4(4), 647-650. doi:
5267/j.msl.2014.2.030
Abdullateef, A. O., Mokhtar, S. S., & Yusoff, R. Z. (2010). The impact of CRM dimensions on call center
performance. International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 10(12), 184-195.
Aboal, D., Garda, P. (2012). Technological and Nontechnological Innovation and Productivity in Services vis a
vis Manufacturing in Uruguay. IDB Discussion Paper (Institutions for Development Sector. Competitiveness
and Innovation Division); IDB-DP-264.
Akroush, M. N., Dahiyat, S. E., Gharaibeh, H. S., & Abu-Lail, B. N. (2011). Customer relationship management
implementation: an investigation of a scale's generalizability and its relationship with business performance in a
developing country context. International Journal of commerce and Management, 21(2), 158-190.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10569211111144355.
Alsaffar, E., Sun, L., & Kabeil, M. M. (2009). E-governments' Role Activation in Arab Countries. In
Information Management and Engineering, 2009. ICIME'09. International Conference on (pp. 617-623). IEEE.
Amir, M., Yousof, H., & Asma, E. (2014). The effect of using customer relationship management system on
customer loyalty case study: Ansar bank‟s branches in east Azarbaijan. Indian J. Sci. Res, 8(1), 098-106.
Bagozzi, R.P. (1980), Causal Models in Marketing, Wiley, New York, NY.
Battor, M., & Battor, M. (2010). The impact of customer relationship management capability on innovation and
performance advantages: testing a mediated model. Journal of Marketing Management, 26(9-10), 842-857.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02672570903498843.
Bhakane, B. J. (2015). Effect of Customer Relationship Management on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty.
International Journal of Management (IJM) Volume, 6, 01-07.
Bloom, N., Draca, M., & Van Reenen, J. (2009). Trade induced technical change? The impact of Chinese
imports on innovation, diffusion and productivity. NBER Working Paper, 16717.
Bon, A. T., & Mustafa, E. M. (2013). Impact of total quality management on innovation in service
organizations: Literature review and new conceptual framework. Procedia Engineering, 53, 516-529.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.067
Brunello, A. (2014). Customer-Based Brand Equity–An Innovative Approach. THE YEARBOOK OF THE
“GH. ZANE” INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC RESEARCHES, 23(1), 73-81.
Byrne. B. M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS; Basic Concepts, Application and
Programming (2nd ed.). Routledge Taylor and Francis Group New York.
Chomvilailuk, R., & Srisomyong, N. (2015). Three dimensional perceptions of medical/health travelers and
destination brand choices: cases of Thailand. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 376-383.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1213.
Dalbooh, M. A. A. (2015). Marketing Jordan as a Regional Medical Service Center (View Point of Employee).
International Journal of Marketing Studies, 7(3), 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v7n3p107.
Das, G., & Mukherjee, S. (2016). A measure of medical tourism destination brand equity. International Journal
of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 10(1), 104-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJPHM-04-2015-0015.
Ghafari, P., Karjalian, R., & Mashayekhnia, A. (2011). Studying the Relationship between Different
Dimensions of CRM and Innovation Capabilities in Melli bank of Iran. World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology, 2011, 906-910.
Ghani, N. H. A. (2012). Relationship marketing in branding: The automobile authorized independent dealers in
Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(5).
Hair, J. F., Jr., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2010). Multivariate data analyisis
(7th ed.) NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hanaysha, J., & Hilman, H. (2015). Strategic Effects of Product Innovation, Service Quality, and Relationship
Quality on Brand Equity. Asian Social Science, 11(10), 56.
Hanaysha, J., Hilman, H., & Abdul-Ghani, N. H. (2014). Direct and indirect effects of product innovation and
product quality on brand image: Empirical evidence from automotive industry. International Journal of
Scientific and Research Publications, 4(11), 1-7.
Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium.
Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420.
Hussain, M., Munir, A., & Siddiqui, M. (2012). Impact of innovation in FMCG products on customer loyalty
and satisfaction: A case study of Confectionary Producer" English Biscuit Manufacturers" in Pakistan.
Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business, 4(8), 423.
Jalali, S. M., & Sardari, M. (2015). Study the Effect of Different Aspects of Customer Relationship
Management (CRM) on Innovation Capabilities with Mediator Role of Knowledge Management (Case Study:
Mahram Company). Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(6 S6), 343.
Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s6p343.
Keller, K.L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of
Marketing, 57(1), 1–22.
Khine, M. S. (Ed.). (2013). Application of Structural Equation Modeling in Educational Research and Practice.
Springer Science & Business Media.
Khosravi, A. (2015). Using Knowledge Management to Improve Customer Relationship Management: A
Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Support Systems, 3(1), 36-43.
Kincaid, J.W. (2003), Customer Relationship Management: Getting it Right!, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle
River, NJ.
Liao, S., & Cheng, C. C. (2014). Brand equity and the exacerbating factors of product innovation failure
evaluations: A communication effect perspective. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2919-2925.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.10.001.
Lin, R. J., Chen, R. H., & Chiu, K. K. S. (2010). Customer relationship management and innovation capability:
an empirical study. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110(1), 111-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571011008434.
[33] Ngo, L. V., & O'Cass, A. (2013). Innovation and business success: The mediating role of customer
participation. Journal of Business Research, 66(8), 1134-1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.03.009
Noree, T., Hanefeld, J., & Smith, R. (2016). Medical tourism in Thailand: a cross-sectional study. Bulletin of the
World Health Organization, 94(1), 30-36.
OCDE (2005), The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities. Oslo Manual. Guidelines for
Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, 3rd ed., Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Eurostat, Paris.
Shiau, H. C. (2014). The impact of product innovation on behavior intention: the measurement of the mediating
effect of the brand image of Japanese anime dolls. Anthropologist, 17(3), 777-788.
Sin, L. Y., Alan, C. B., & Yim, F. H. (2005). CRM: conceptualization and scale development. European Journal
of Marketing, 39(11/12), 1264-1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560510623253
Smith, R. D., Chanda, R., & Tangcharoensathien, V. (2009). Trade in health-related services. The Lancet,
(9663), 593-601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61778-X
Tuan, N., Nhan, N., Giang, P., & Ngoc, N. (2016). The effects of innovation on firm performance of supporting
industries in Hanoi, Vietnam. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(2), 413-431.
Vatjanasaregagul, L. (2007). The Relationship of service quality, consumer decision factors and brand equity.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Nova Southeastern University, U.S.
Wu, I. L., & Hsieh, P. J. (2015). Hospital innovation and its impact on customer-perceived quality of care: a
process-based evaluation approach. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 26(1-2), 46-61.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2013.799332.
Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lee, S. (2000). An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity.
Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 195-211.
Zablah, A. R., Bellenger, D. N., & Johnston, W. J. (2004). An evaluation of divergent perspectives on customer
relationship management: Towards a common understanding of an emerging phenomenon. Industrial Marketing
Management 33(6), pp.475-489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2004.01.006.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright© 2015 Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management. All rights reserved.
ISSN 2395-2210
For any help/support contact us at editorial@scitecresearch.com, jrbem@scitecresearch.com.